Anaphylaxis: Recognise It, Inject Adrenaline
Hesitation kills more than the reaction itself.
Dr. Sophie Renard
Allergist
In simple terms
Anaphylaxis is a rapidly evolving multi-system allergic reaction. Adrenaline is the only treatment that saves lives.
What you need to remember
- Common triggers — Foods (peanut, tree nuts, shellfish), insect stings, medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs), latex, exercise-induced.
- Immediate action — Intramuscular adrenaline (anterolateral thigh)
- After the reaction — Hospital observation 4-6 hours, allergy referral, two adrenaline injectors and an emergency action plan.
Sudden multi-system reaction usually with skin involvement plus respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal or neurological signs.
Common triggers
Foods (peanut, tree nuts, shellfish), insect stings, medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs), latex, exercise-induced.
Immediate action
- Intramuscular adrenaline (anterolateral thigh)
- Call emergency services
- Lay flat with legs raised (unless breathless)
- Repeat adrenaline after 5-10 min if no response
After the reaction
Hospital observation 4-6 hours, allergy referral, two adrenaline injectors and an emergency action plan.
Antihistamines and steroids do not treat anaphylaxis — adrenaline is the only first-line therapy.
The words explained
Medical terms used above, in everyday language.
- Antibiotic
- A medicine that kills bacteria. It does not work against viruses like colds or flu.
- Cardiovascular
- Related to the heart and blood vessels.
When should you see a doctor?
- Your symptoms last more than a few weeks or keep coming back.
- They get worse quickly, or stop you doing everyday things.
- You notice sudden pain, breathing trouble, fainting or bleeding — seek urgent care.
- You already take medication and want to change anything about it.
This article explains general health information. It does not replace advice from your own doctor.
Frequently asked questions
- What is Anaphylaxis: Recognise It, Inject Adrenaline?
- Anaphylaxis is a rapidly evolving multi-system allergic reaction. Adrenaline is the only treatment that saves lives.
- What are the main symptoms or signs of Anaphylaxis: Recognise It, Inject Adrenaline?
- Common signs vary from person to person. The article above lists the symptoms to watch for, how they progress, and when they need medical attention.
- When should you see a doctor for Anaphylaxis: Recognise It, Inject Adrenaline?
- See a doctor if symptoms last more than a few weeks, get worse quickly, stop you doing everyday things, or if you notice sudden pain, breathing trouble, fainting or bleeding.
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