Fever in Adults: When to Worry

Body temperature at least 38°C orally. Variation through the day is normal; rectal readings run slightly higher.

Red flags

• Stiff neck, confusion, photophobia (meningitis)
• Severe headache
• Difficulty breathing
• Chest or abdominal pain
• Rash that does not blanch under pressure
• Fever > 5 days or > 40°C
• Recent return from a malaria-endemic area

Vulnerable groups

Older adults, immunosuppression, pregnancy, post-chemotherapy: lower thresholds for medical review.

Self-care

Adequate hydration, paracetamol or ibuprofen for comfort, rest. Tepid sponging is not generally recommended.

Treat the person, not the thermometer: fever itself is rarely the danger.