Adult Acne: Why It Persists and How to Treat It

Acne does not always disappear with adolescence. In adults, it affects about 15% of women and 5% of men according to epidemiological data. Several mechanisms perpetuate this skin condition long after puberty.

Main causes

Adult acne results from an interaction between hormonal, inflammatory, and environmental factors:

• Hormonal fluctuations: menstrual cycles, stopping contraception, perimenopause. Androgens stimulate sebum production.
• Chronic stress: cortisol increases sebum secretion and aggravates skin inflammation.
• Diet: high glycemic index products and certain dairy products can worsen flare-ups.
• Cosmetic products: some occlusive skincare products clog pores and promote blackheads.

Validated treatments

Management depends on severity:

1. Topicals: benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoids, and azelaic acid remain first lines.
2. Oral antibiotics: doxycycline in short courses for moderate inflammatory forms.
3. Hormonal treatments: certain contraceptive pills or spironolactone in women.
4. Isotretinoin: reserved for severe forms, with strict medical monitoring.

Self-medication with aggressive products often worsens the situation. A dermatological consultation can help prevent permanent scars.

Practical advice

• Cleanse skin morning and evening with a gentle, soap-free product
• Moisturize even oily skin (dehydrated skin produces more sebum)
• Do not manipulate pimples to avoid scars
• Protect skin from the sun (UV rays worsen post-inflammatory marks)