Nutrition

Sugar: real addiction or just a habit?

The brain facing sugar.

Dr. Léa Marin

Nutritionist, PhD

6 min read
Medical illustration of Sugar: real addiction or just a habit?

In simple terms

Sugar activates the same reward pathways as drugs, but calling it an addiction in the medical sense remains controversial. How to reduce your consumption.

What you need to remember

  • Sugar and the brainSugar stimulates the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, the reward center.
  • Where sugar hidesAdded sugars are found in unexpected places:
  • Strategies to reduceGradual reduction**: reducing by 10% per week allows your taste buds to adapt

Guidelines recommend limiting added sugars to less than 10% of total caloric intake, ideally less than 5% (i.e., about 25g or 6 teaspoons). Average consumption in Western countries far exceeds these thresholds.

Sugar and the brain

Sugar stimulates the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, the reward center. This mechanism is similar to that of addictive substances, but the intensity is much lower. The scientific community prefers to speak of "compulsive eating behavior" rather than addiction in the strict sense.

Where sugar hides

Added sugars are found in unexpected places:

  • Industrial tomato sauces (10-15g/serving)
  • Fruit yogurts (15-20g per pot)
  • "100% pure juice" fruit juices (as much sugar as soda)
  • Industrial sandwich bread
  • Breakfast cereals (up to 40% sugar)

Strategies to reduce

  1. Gradual reduction: reducing by 10% per week allows your taste buds to adapt
  2. Read labels: identify the 56 different names for sugar (glucose-fructose syrup, dextrose, maltose, etc.)
  3. Cook at home: the only way to fully control intake
  4. Smart replacements: fresh fruit, spices (cinnamon, vanilla), dark chocolate > 70%
  5. Get enough sleep: lack of sleep increases sugar cravings

The words explained

Medical terms used above, in everyday language.

Blood sugar
The amount of sugar circulating in your blood, your body's main fuel.

When should you see a doctor?

  • Your symptoms last more than a few weeks or keep coming back.
  • They get worse quickly, or stop you doing everyday things.
  • You notice sudden pain, breathing trouble, fainting or bleeding — seek urgent care.
  • You already take medication and want to change anything about it.

This article explains general health information. It does not replace advice from your own doctor.

Frequently asked questions

What is Sugar: real addiction or just a habit??
Sugar activates the same reward pathways as drugs, but calling it an addiction in the medical sense remains controversial. How to reduce your consumption.
What are the main symptoms or signs of Sugar: real addiction or just a habit??
Common signs vary from person to person. The article above lists the symptoms to watch for, how they progress, and when they need medical attention.
When should you see a doctor for Sugar: real addiction or just a habit??
See a doctor if symptoms last more than a few weeks, get worse quickly, stop you doing everyday things, or if you notice sudden pain, breathing trouble, fainting or bleeding.