Schizophrenia: destigmatizing and supporting
A chronic but treatable psychiatric illness
Dr. Lila Aubry
Psychiatrist
A multifaceted disease
Schizophrenia affects about 1% of the population, most often starting between 15 and 25 years old. Positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions), negative symptoms (withdrawal, apathy), cognitive symptoms (attention, working memory).
Diagnosis
DSM-5/ICD-11 criteria: symptoms at least 6 months with functional impairment. Importance of early intervention (first psychotic episodes).
Treatments
Second-generation antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone): standard. Long-acting injectable forms (every 2 weeks to 6 months): therapeutic adherence. Clozapine for resistant forms.
Psychosocial approach
Psychoeducation, cognitive remediation, employment support (job coaching), family therapy, supported housing. Fighting stigma is essential.
Lifestyle
Cannabis cessation (major precipitating factor), cardio-metabolic monitoring (effect of treatments), physical activity, regular sleep.
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